Halaman 3 - Biopsi Testis Dokter Terbaik di Turquia - TOP-78 dokter

Dr. Muhammed Mustafa Atci is an Associate Professor of Medical Oncology at İstinye University, Liv Hospital Topkapı (2025–present). He previously served as Associate Professor and Education Coordinator at Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital (2023–2025). He was also a Medical Oncologist there (2018–2021).

He has been a member of ASCO and the Turkish Society of Medical Oncology since 2018. He is the author or co-author of 19 peer-reviewed international papers on colon, breast, gastric, pancreatic, lung, thyroid, sarcoma, and colorectal cancers.

Notable works include a multicentre study on stage IIB colon cancer survival (Journal of Chemotherapy). He also studied the De Ritis ratio for lung metastasis in testicular cancer (Current Urology). His prognostic studies used PET/CT, MSI, lymph node ratio, and metabolic tumor volume.

Specializations

RIRS (Laser Stone Breaking in the Kidney)

Open-Closed Prostate Surgeries

Urological Cancer Surgeries

Urinary Incontinence Treatment

Infertility Treatment

Experience

2017 - 2022 Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Associate Professor

2017 - 2022 Haseki Training and Research Hospital

2013 - 2017 Haseki Training and Research Hospital

2013 - 2017 Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Chief Resident

2010 - 2013 Silivri State Hospital (Compulsory Service Obligation)

2008 - 2008 University of Michigan Medical School

2005 - 2010 Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Urology

Education

2010 Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Urology

2004 Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty

Publications

International Peer-Reviewed Journals:

Culpan M, Atis G, Sanli O, Bozkurt Y, Atmaca AF, Semerci B, Kutsal C, Canda AE, Akbulut F, Tugcu V, Boylu U, Erturhan S, Koca O, Ateş F, Halis F, Soyupek S, Turna B, Cakmak S, Sahin S, Erdem S, Yildirim A. "Comparison of Tumor Enucleation and Standard Partial Nephrectomy According to Trifecta Outcomes: A Multicenter Study by the Turkish Academy of Urology, Uro-Oncology Working Group." J Invest Surg. 2022 May;35(5):1112-1118.

Sahan M, Sarilar O, Akbulut MF, Demir E, Savun M, Sen O, Ozgor F. "Flexible ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy with regional anesthesia vs general anesthesia: A prospective randomized study." Int Braz J Urol. 2020 Nov-Dec;46(6):1010-1018.

Cubuk A, Yanaral F, Savun M, Ayranci A, Erbin A, Yazici O, Akbulut MF, Sarilar O. "Modified autologous transobturator tape surgery - evaluation of short-term results." Ginekol Pol. 2020;91(2):51-56.

Kandemir E, Savun M, Sezer A, Erbin A, Akbulut MF, Sarilar Ö. "Comparison of Miniaturized Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Secondary Patients: A Randomized Prospective Study." J Endourol. 2020 Jan;34(1):26-32.

Ucpinar B, Erbin A, Ayranci A, Caglar U, Alis D, Basal S, Sarilar O, Akbulut MF. "Prediction of recurrence in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. Do patient characteristics matter?" J BUON. 2019 Jul-Aug;24(4):1659-1665.

Ozdemir H, Erbin A, Sahan M, Savun M, Cubuk A, Yazici O, Akbulut MF, Sarilar O. "Comparison of supine and prone miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the treatment of lower pole, middle pole and renal pelvic stones: A matched pair analysis." Int Braz J Urol. 2019 Sep-Oct;45(5):956-964.

Erbin A, Ucpinar B, Cubuk A, Yazici O, Uysal H, Savun M, Basal S, Akbulut MF. "The Impact of Sheath Size in Miniaturized Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Adult Patients; A Matched-pair Analysis." Urol J. 2019 Dec 24;16(6):536-540.

Güler A, Erbin A, Ucpinar B, Savun M, Sarilar O, Akbulut MF. "Comparison of miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the treatment of large kidney stones: a randomized prospective study." Urolithiasis. 2019 Jun;47(3):289-295.

Yanaral F, Ozgor F, Savun M, Agbas A, Akbulut F, Sarilar O. "Shock-wave Lithotripsy for Pediatric Patients: Which Nomogram Can Better Predict Postoperative Outcomes?" Urology. 2018 Jul;117:126-130.

Arslan B, Akbulut MF, Onuk O, Küçüktopçu O, Çilesiz NC, Ozkan A, Yazıcı G. "A comparison of Amplatz dilators and metal dilators for tract dilatation in mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy." Int Urol Nephrol. 2017 Apr;49(4):581-585.

Akbulut F, Kucuktopcu O, Kandemir E, Ucpinar B, Ozgor F, Simsek A, Arslan B, Erbin A, Yanaral F, Binbay M, Gurbuz G. "Efficacy and safety of mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in obese patients." Springerplus. 2016 Jul 22;5(1):1148.

Sancak EB, Oguz S, Akbulut T, Uludag A, Akbas A, Kurt O, Akbulut MF. "Female sexual dysfunction in androgenetic alopecia: Case-control study." Can Urol Assoc J. 2016, July;10(7-8):E251-256.

Akbulut F, Kucuktopcu O, Kandemir E, Sonmezay E, Simsek A, Ozgor F, Binbay M, Muslumanoglu AY, Gurbuz G. "Comparison of flexible ureterorenoscopy and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treatment of lower calyceal stones smaller than 2 cm." Ren Fail. 2016;38(1):163-7.

Tok A, Akbulut F, Buldu I, Karatag T, Kucuktopcu O, Gurbuz G, Istanbulluoglu O, Armagan A, Tepeler A, Tasci AI. "Comparison of microperc and mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy for medium-sized lower calyx stones." Urolithiasis. 2016 Apr;44(2):155-9.

Akbulut F, Tok A, Penbegul N, Daggulli M, Eryildirim B, Adanur S, Gurbuz G, Celik H, Utangac MM, Dede O, Bodakcı MN, Tepeler A, Sarica K. "Colon perforation related to percutaneous nephrolithotomy: from diagnosis to treatment." Urolithiasis. 2015 Nov;43(6):521-6.

Ozluk Y, Sari S, Guzel NT, Firat P, Akbulut F, Kilicaslan I. "Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney with sarcomatous transformation metastatic to the lung: A case report." Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol. 2015 Jun;37(3):199-205.

Ozgor F, Kucuktopcu O, Sarilar O, Toptas M, Simsek A, Gurbuz ZG, Akbulut MF, Binbay M. "Does previous open renal surgery or percutaneous nephrolithotomy affect the outcomes and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy." Urolithiasis. 2015 Nov;43(6):541-7.

Ugurlu İM, Akman T, Binbay M, Tekinarslan E, Yazıcı Ö, Akbulut MF, Özgör F, Müslümanoğlu AY. "Outcomes of retrograde flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy for stone disease in patients with anomalous kidneys." Urolithiasis. 2015 Feb;43(1):77-82.

Simsek A, Ozgor F, Kirecci SL, Akbulut MF, Sonmezay E, Yuksel B, Kucuktopcu O, Gurbuz ZG. "Results of tension-free vaginal tape for recurrent stress urinary incontinence after unsuccessful transobturator tape surgery." J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014 Jun;40(6):1764-9.

Simsek A, Kirecci SL, Kucuktopcu O, Ozgor F, Akbulut MF, Sarilar O, Ozkuvanci U, Gurbuz ZG. "Comparison of paroxetine and dapoxetine, a novel selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in the treatment of premature ejaculation." Asian J Androl. 2014 Sep-Oct;16(5):725-7.

Akbulut F, Kucuktopcu O, Sonmezay E, Simsek A, Ozgor F, Gurbuz ZG. "Partial penectomy after debridement of a Fournier's gangrene progressing with an isolated penile necrosis." Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2014 Sep;20(5):385-8.

Simsek A, Ozgor F, Yuksel B, Kucuktopcu O, Kirecci SL, Toptas M, Sarilar O, Berberoglu AY, Gurbuz ZG, Mimaroglu S, Akbulut F, Baykal M, Arslan B, Savun M, Ucpinar B. "Female sexual function after transobturator tape in women with urodynamic stress urinary incontinence." Springerplus. 2014 Sep 30;3:570.

Akbulut F, Akman T, Salabas E, Dincer M, Ortac M, Kadioglu A. "Neurovascular bundle dissection for Nesbit procedure in congenital penile curvature patients: medial or lateral?" Asian J Androl. 2014 May-Jun;16(3):442-5.

Kadioglu A, Sanli O, Akman T, Canguven O, Aydin M, Akbulut F, Kucukdurmaz F. "Factors Affecting the Degree of Penile Deformity in Peyronie's Disease: An Analysis of 1001 Patients." J Androl. 2011 Sep-Oct;32(5):502-8.

Akman T, Sanli O, Uluocak N, Akbulut F, Nane I, Demir S, Kadioglu A. "The most commonly altered type of Peyronie's disease deformity under oral colchicine treatment is lateral curvature that mostly shifts to the dorsal side." Andrologia. 2011 Feb;43(1):28-33.

Akbulut MF, Sanli O, Kadioglu A. "Editorial Comment on: Are Infertile Men Less Healthy than Fertile Men? Results of a Prospective Case-Control Survey." Eur Urol. 2009 Dec;56(6):1032.

Acar O, Akinci M, Uluocak N, Akbulut F, Kilicaslan I, Gokce O. "Paratesticular metastasis of malignant melanoma: a case report." Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2008 Jun;24(6):315-8.

Çubuk A, Erbin A, Savun M, Ayranci A, Üçpınar B, Yanaral F, Sarılar Ö, Basal Ş, Akbulut MF. "Autologous transobturator midurethral sling." Turk J Urol. 2018 Dec 21;45(3):230-232.

Sarılar Ö, Özgör F, Küçüktopçu O, Uçpınar B, Akbulut MF, Savun M, Gürbüz ZG, Binbay M. "Is standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy still the standard treatment modality for renal stones less than three centimeters?" Turk J Urol. 2017 Jun;43(2):165-170.

Akbulut F, Savun M, Ucpinar B, Sahan M, Arslan B, Ozgor F, Simsek A, Berberoglu AY, Baykal M, Binbay M. "Duplicated Renal System with H Shaped Ureter: An Extraordinary Anomaly." Case Rep Urol. 2016;2016:4062515.

Akbulut F, Kucuktopcu O, Kandemir E, Sonmezay E, Simsek A, Ucpinar B, Ozgor F, Gurbuz G. "Comparison of efficacy of laser lithotripter with ultrasonic lithotripter in mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy." Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2016 Jan 14;87(4):276-9.

Ozgor F, Simsek A, Aydogdu O, Kucuktopcu O, Sarilar O, Berberoglu AY, Akbulut MF, Binbay M. "Bleeding during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: Can a hemostatic matrix help to improve hemostasis?"

Specializations

Prostate Diseases Treatment

Kidney, Urinary Tract, Bladder Stone and Tumor Treatment

Infertility, Treatment of Sexual Diseases

Urinary Incontinence Treatment

Circumcision, Undescended Testicle Treatment

Areas Of Interest

Urooncology 

Robotic Urology and Endourology 

Laser Technologies and Laser Prostate Surgeries (HoLEP, ThuFLEP) 

MRI Transrectal/Transperineal Ultrasonography Prostate Fusion Biopsy 

Endoscopic Stone Surgery 

Education 

Gulhane Military Medical Academy 

Experience 

Liv Ulus Hospital 

Kolan International Hospital 

Gülhane Education and Research Hospital 

Gulhane Military Medical Faculty 

University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Faculty of Medicine 

Memberships 

Turkish Urological Association 

Society of Endourology 

European Society of Urology (EAU) 

American Urological Association (AUA) 

World Society of Endourolog

Dr. Eymen Gazel is a leading uro-oncology specialist. He is known for advanced surgical treatment of prostate, kidney, bladder, and testicular cancers. Dr. Gazel specializes in minimally invasive, robot-assisted, and laparoscopic surgeries. These techniques help patients recover faster and achieve better outcomes.

Dr. Gazel is a pioneer in laser prostate surgery. He performs advanced HoLEP and ThuFLEP procedures, which set new standards for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). He is also an expert in stone disease. Dr. Gazel uses modern endourology methods to treat complex urinary tract stones without open surgery.

He completed his medical training at Hacettepe University and specialized at Turkey High Specialization Hospital. Dr. Gazel has worked at leading hospitals, including Acıbadem Ankara. He is an active member of the Turkish Urology Association and the Endourology Society. His career reflects a strong commitment to excellence and innovation in urology.

Areas Of Interest 

Laser Prostate Surgery (HoLEP, ThuFLEP) 

Robotic and Laparoscopic Urological Surgery 

Robotic MR/ Ultrasound Prostate Fusion Biopsy 

Urological Oncologic Surgery 

Andrology 

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (water vapor to the prostate) 

Focal Treatment for Prostate Cancer (HIFU, Nano Knife) 

Education 

Elementary school- Kolak, Denizli, Turkey (1986 - 1990) 

Secondary School- Yenimahalle School, Yatagan, Turkey (1990 - 1994) 

High School- Turgutreis High School, Muğla, Turkey (1994 - 1998) 

Gülhane Military Medical Academy Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (1998 - 2004) 

Gülhane Military Medical Academy Urology Clinic Specialty Training, Ankara, Turkey (2007 - 2012)

Experience 

Liv Ulus Hospital 

Şişli Kolan International Hospital 

Istanbul University of Health and Technology 

Gülhane Military Medical Academy (GATA) 

Gülhane Education and Research Hospital 

University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Faculty of Medicine

Memberships

Turkish Urological Association 

Society of Endourology 

European Society of Urology (EAU) 

American Urological Association (AUA) 

World Society of Endourology

Areas Of Interest

Laser Prostate Surgeries (HoLEP, ThuFLEP) 

Robotic & Laparoscopic Surgery 

Robotic Transperineal Prostate MRI/Ultrasound Fusion Biopsy 

Urological Oncological Surgeries 

Female Urology 

Neuro-Urology 

Urethral Stenosis Surgeries (Graft Urethroplasty surgeries) 

Education 

Gulhane Military Medical Faculty 

Gülhane Military Medical Academy Department of Urology

Experience 

Liv Hospital Ulus 

KOLAN International Hospital 

Gülhane Training and Research Hospital 

Gulhane Military Medical Academy Research 

Evaluation of the effects of intracavernosal mitomycin-c administration on rat model in Peyroni’s disease (TÜBİTAK) 

Effects of intradetrusor decorin injection on tissue histopathology in rabbits with partial bladder outlet obstruction (TÜBİTAK)

Memberships 

Turkish Urological Association 

Society of Endourology 

European Society of Urology (EAU) 

American Urological Association (AUA

Education

Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, 2004
Istanbul Haydarpaşa Training and Research Hospital Internal Medicine Residency, 2010
Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine Medical Oncology Residency, 2015

Experience

MD Andeson Cancer Center, USA, 2008
Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Center Breast Cancer Clinic, Canada, 2017
Moffit Cancer Center , USA 2022
Istanbul Haydarpaşa Training and Research Hospital Internal Medicine, 2010
İdil State Hospital Internal Medicine Clinic, 2011
Karadeniz Technical Universityniversitesi Faculty of Medicine, Medical Oncology Clinic, 2015
Istanbul Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, 2018
Yeniyüzyıl University Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, 2020
Ataşehir Medicana Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, 2022

Scientific Membership

Turkish Medical Association (TTB)
Turkish Society of Medical Oncology (TTOD)
European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)
American Society of Medical Oncology (ASCO)

Medical Intrests

• Breast Cancer
• Lung Cancer
• Colon Cancer
• Stomach Cancer
• Rectal Cancer
• Ovarian Cancer
• Liver Cancer
• Oesophageal Cancer - Oesophageal Cancer
• Kidney Cancer
• Larynx Cancer - Cancer of the Larynx
• Thyroid Cancer
• Head and Neck Cancers
• Gynaecological Cancers
• Pancreatic Cancer
• Oesophageal Cancer - Oesophageal Cancer
• Uterine Cancer
• Brain Cancers - Brain Tumours
• Soft Tissue Cancer - Sarcomas
• Prostate Cancer
• Bladder Cancer
• Bile Tract Cancer
• Testicular Cancer
• Cervical Cancer
• Mouth, Tongue, Lip Cancers
• Gastrointestinal System Cancers
• Bone Tumours
• Trachea and Bronchial Cancers
• Skin Cancers - Skin Cancers
• Skeletal System Tumours
• Gallbladder Cancer
• Mesothelioma

Areas of Interests

• General Urology
• Andrology
• Functional Urology

Education

• Selim Sırrı Tarcan Primary School
• Sisli Terakki High School
• 19 Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine / Urology

Experience

• Liv Hospital Vadistanbul
• Memorial Şişli Hospital Urology
• Şebinkarahisar State Hospital Chief Physician

Research

• Oxidative with Resistive Index in Varicocele
• Relationship Between Stress Factors

Publications

• Effectiveness of Flexible Uteronoscopy and Laser Lithotripsy for Multiple Unilateral
• Ontrarenal Stones Smaller Than 2 cm

Dokter adalah Profesor Urologi dengan keahlian dalam Bedah Robotik, Onkologi Urologi, dan Endourologi. Dengan fokus kuat pada kanker urologi, dokter memiliki latar belakang akademis dan klinis yang luas.<\/p>

Dia telah menerbitkan 72 makalah ilmiah, mempresentasikan 193 abstrak kongres, dan berkontribusi pada 20 buku, mencapai indeks h sebesar 19 dengan lebih dari 1150 kutipan. Dokter menyelesaikan fellowship dalam Robotik, Endourologi, dan Bedah Laparoskopi di Tulane University School of Medicine. Dia adalah anggota dari beberapa asosiasi profesional, termasuk Asosiasi Urologi Turki dan Masyarakat Endourologi.<\/p>

Dokter menyelesaikan pelatihan spesialisasi dalam Onkologi Radiasi di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Marmara dari tahun 2012 hingga 2016. Sebelumnya, dokter menyelesaikan gelar sarjana dalam bidang Kedokteran, yang diajarkan dalam bahasa Inggris, di institusi yang sama dari tahun 2004 hingga 2011. Dokter memiliki dasar yang kuat dalam pendidikan kedokteran, dimulai dengan pendidikan sekolah menengah di Sekolah Nomor Enam Belas Shirvan di Azerbaijan dari tahun 1998 hingga 2004.<\/p>

Education

Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Urology Residency, 1992-1997, Ankara/Turkey

Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Doctor of Medicine Education, 1982-1988, Bursa/Turkey

Experience

Taksim Training and Research Hospital, 2009-2016, Istanbul/Turkey

Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, 2007-2009, Istanbul/Turkey

Ankara Training and Research Hospital, 2000-2007, Ankara/Turkey

Bergama State Hospital, 1997-2000, Izmir/Turkey

Ankara Training and Research Hospital, 1992-1997, Ankara/Turkey

Scientific Memberships

• Turkish Urology Association
•  
• European Association of Urology
•  
• Turkish Urological Association North Marmara
•  
• American Urological Association

Prof. Dr. Ali Ferruh Akay is a board-certified urologist with more than 30 years of medical experience. He has specialized in urology for over 25 years. He currently serves as Professor of Urology at Başkent University Istanbul Hospital.

Dr. Akay earned his medical degree from Dokuz Eylul University. He completed his urology residency at Dicle University Faculty of Medicine. In 2005, he received advanced training in Endourology and Laparoscopic Surgery at the University of Rochester in the USA.

He has worked at several leading institutions. These include Dicle University, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Memorial Diyarbakır Hospital, Veni Vidi Hospital, and Başkent University Istanbul Hospital.

Dr. Akay’s expertise includes uro-oncology, endourology, minimally invasive procedures, stone surgeries, male infertility, erectile dysfunction, and BPH. He has published over 100 scientific articles and is an active member of the European Association of Urology (EAU).

Dokter memiliki pengalaman luas di bidang urologi, memulai karir mereka dengan layanan wajib di Pusat Kesehatan Gevrekli Seydişehir, Konya. Mereka meningkatkan keahlian mereka sebagai mahasiswa spesialis di Rumah Sakit Negara Atatürk dan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Ege. Dokter mendapatkan paparan internasional sebagai pengamat di Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center dan Mayo Clinic, serta sebagai asisten peneliti di UCLA.<\/p>

Mereka bertugas sebagai ahli urologi dan kemudian sebagai Profesor Madya dan Profesor Kedokteran di Universitas Ege. Selain itu, mereka menjabat sebagai Wakil Dekan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Ekonomi Izmir dan saat ini menjabat sebagai Profesor Kedokteran di Rumah Sakit Medicana Bursa.<\/p>

Dokter ini mengkhususkan diri dalam berbagai kondisi urologi, dengan fokus pada prostesis penis, kanker kandung kemih, kanker prostat, dan kanker ginjal, termasuk nefrektomi radikal dan parsial. Keahlian meluas ke urologi laparoskopi, batu ginjal, dan operasi untuk inkontinensia urin pada wanita. Dokter ini juga terampil dalam operasi hipospadia, refluks vesikoureteral pediatrik, operasi varikokel mikroskopis, pembesaran penis, dan koreksi penyakit Peyronie.<\/p>

Setelah menyelesaikan residensi urologi di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Istanbul, dokter ini memperoleh pengalaman luas di Rumah Sakit Pendidikan dan Penelitian Haseki, Universitas Bezmialem Vakıf, Medical Park Bahçelievler, dan Rumah Sakit Ethica Incirli, dan saat ini menjabat sebagai Profesor Kedokteran di Rumah Sakit Medicana Bahcelievler.<\/p>

Dokter lulus dari Fakultas Kedokteran Istanbul pada tahun 1986 dan menyelesaikan spesialisasi urologi pada tahun 1991. Ia menjabat sebagai Kepala Klinik Urologi di Rumah Sakit Pelatihan dan Penelitian Haydarpaşa Numune dari tahun 2001 hingga 2013 dan menjadi Profesor Urologi pada tahun 2008. Minat medisnya meliputi kanker prostat, inkontinensia urin, dan urologi pediatrik. Ia telah menulis lebih dari 300 makalah akademis dengan lebih dari 1000 kutipan. Ia telah mengedit buku tentang kanker prostat dan urologi pediatrik, serta berpartisipasi dalam berbagai komite ilmiah. Ia menjadi Presiden Kongres pada Kongres Uroonkologi Eurasia ke-9 pada tahun 2019.<\/p>

Dokter adalah seorang spesialis terkemuka dengan pengalaman luas di bidang bedah saraf. Lulus dari sekolah kedokteran bergengsi, dokter telah menyelesaikan berbagai beasiswa dan program pelatihan lanjutan, berfokus pada operasi tulang belakang yang kompleks dan teknik minimal invasif. Dokter telah berkontribusi pada beberapa jurnal yang ditinjau sejawat dan telah mempresentasikan di konferensi internasional, menampilkan metode bedah inovatif. Dengan komitmen terhadap perawatan pasien, dokter telah berhasil melakukan lebih dari 1.000 prosedur bedah saraf, yang mengarah pada peningkatan hasil pasien.<\/p>